Impact of heterogeneous properties of soil and LNAPL on surfactant-enhanced capillary desaturation.

Robert, Thomas; Martel, Richard; Lefebvre, René; Lauzon, Jean-Marc et Morin, Annie (2017). Impact of heterogeneous properties of soil and LNAPL on surfactant-enhanced capillary desaturation. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology , vol. 204 . pp. 57-65. DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2017.07.006.

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Résumé

This paper investigates low-concentration (< 1 wt%) surfactant flushing when used as a follow-up technology for multiphase vacuum extraction on heterogeneous sites. Challenges posed by soil permeability, pore-size distribution, mineralogy, light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) weathering and groundwater hardness were quantified through batch and soil column tests. Compatibility issues between the mixed mineralogy soils, hard groundwater, mixed LNAPL and usual anionic surfactants were observed. The selected solution was a Winsor type I system promoting an interfacial tension of 0.06 mN/m between the site LNAPL and the amphoteric surfactant CAS in aqueous solution at pH 12. Surfactant loses to adsorption and pore media plugging were observed in the fine soil fraction. The capillary desaturation curves (CDC) obtained with the column tests suggested mixed-wettability behavior. The soil permeability strongly influenced LNAPL recovery, as expressed by the relationship obtained between capillary numbers (NCₐ) and hydraulic gradients. In this case, the critical NCₐ, marking the onset of capillary desaturation, could only be obtained with realistic hydraulic gradients in the coarse soil fraction. At those gradients, potential LNAPL recovery was 30% at the most. Unlike previously published CDCs, the relationship between NCₐ (log-scale) and LNAPL recovery was not linear but dependant on residual LNAPL saturation.

Type de document:	Article
Mots-clés libres:	LNAPL; surfactant; in situ recovery; capillary number; soil properties
Centre:	Centre Eau Terre Environnement
Date de dépôt:	16 févr. 2018 22:19
Dernière modification:	26 juill. 2019 04:00
URI:	https://espace.inrs.ca/id/eprint/6332

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