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More Than a Gut Feeling: Preliminary Evidence Supporting a Role for Lifestyle Habits in Shaping the Intestinal Microbiota in Childhood and Adolescence

Henderson, Melanie; Van Hulst, Andraea; Simoneau, Gabrielle; Barnett, Tracie A; Drapeau, Vicky; Mathieu, Marie-Ève; Nicolau, Belinda; Varin, Thibaut et Marette, André . More Than a Gut Feeling: Preliminary Evidence Supporting a Role for Lifestyle Habits in Shaping the Intestinal Microbiota in Childhood and Adolescence In: The 57th Annual ESPE Meeting, 27-29 September 2018, Athens, Greece.

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Résumé

Background: Dietary intake has been shown to influence the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota in adults, how-ever its impact in childhood and adolescence remains uncertain. Moreover, the impact of other lifestyle behaviors such as physical activity, sedentary behaviors, sleep and fitness on the gut micro-biota has rarely been investigated.

Objective: To explore the correlations between intestinal microbiota composition and measures of diversity among 15-17 year-old adolescents with a family history of obesity and

1. lifestyle habits at 15-17 years;

2. lifestyle habits in earlier childhood.

Methods: Data stem from the QUALITY cohort, a prospective cohort study of 630 children with a parental history of obesity. Lifestyle habits were assessed at 8-10 yrs, 10-12 yrs and 15-17 yrs, including: physical activity by 7-day accelerometry, self-reported screen time, dietary intake (at 8-10 and 15-17 yrs only) by 3 non-consecutive 24h dietary recalls, and self-reported sleep duration. Fitness was measured by VO2peak. 16S-rRNA based microbial profiling of stool samples obtained from 22 participants at 15-17 yrs (14 normal weight, 6 overweight and 2 obese) were performed to determine composition and diversity of the gut microbiota. Measures of diversity include Shannon, Simpson, Chao1 and Ob-served OTU indices. Pearson’s correlations assessed associations between diversity indices and lifestyle habits.

Results: Fitness at 15-17 yrs was positively correlated with measures of diversity (r = 0.33-0.41 across all indices). More im-portantly, statistically significant positive correlations were noted between fitness at 10-12 yrs and greater microbiotal diversity 5 years later (Shannon r=0.70, p=0.001; Simpson r=0.51, p=0.03; Obs OTU r=0.50, p=0.036). Physical activity and screen time were not associated with microbiota diversity. Both total dietary fat intake and saturated fat intake at 15-17 yrs were negatively cor-related with the Simpson index (r=-0.50, p=0.019 and r=-0.43, p=0.046, respectively). Similar, not quite statistically significant, negative correlations between total and saturated fat consumption at 8-10 yrs and measures of diversity at 15-17 yrs were also noted. At both 8-10 yrs and 15-17 yrs, percent carbohydrate intake was positively correlated with the Simpson index (r= 0.43, p=0.049 and r= 0.49, p=0.021, respectively). Finally, sleep duration at 10-12 yrs tended to positively correlate with indices of diversity at 15-17 yrs, the strongest correlation being with the Shannon index (r= 0.39, p=0.08).

Conclusions: These preliminary findings from a small sample of children followed over 8 years suggest that microbiome diversity in late adolescence may be modulated by lifestyle habits, even in earlier childhood.

Type de document: Document issu d'une conférence ou d'un atelier
Informations complémentaires: Hormone Research in Paediatrics (2018), 90 (suppl. 1), 292-293 Affiche scientifique P1-P108 http://abstracts.eurospe.org/hrp/0089/eposters/hrp0089p1-p108_eposter.pdf
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Centre: Centre INRS-Institut Armand Frappier
Date de dépôt: 07 août 2019 14:16
Dernière modification: 07 août 2019 15:43
URI: https://espace.inrs.ca/id/eprint/8124

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