Human respiratory coronaviruses : neuroinvasive, neurotropic and potentially neurovirulent pathogens

Desforges, Marc; Le Coupanec, Alain; Brison, Élodie; Meessen-Pinard, Mathieu et Talbot, Pierre J. (2014). Human respiratory coronaviruses : neuroinvasive, neurotropic and potentially neurovirulent pathogens Virologie , vol. 18 , nº 1. pp. 5-16. DOI: 10.1684/vir.2014.0544.

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Résumé

In humans, viral infections of the respiratory tract are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Among the various respiratory viruses, coronaviruses are important ubiquitous pathogens of humans and animals. Since the late 1960' s, human coronaviruses (HCoV) are recognized pathogens of the upper respiratory tract, being mainly associated with mild pathologies such as the common cold. However, in vulnerable populations, (newborns, infants, the elderly and immune-compromised individuals), they can affect the lower respiratory tract, leading to pneumonia, exacerbations of asthma, respiratory distress syndrome or even severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). For almost three decades now, the scientific literature has also demonstrated that HCoV are neuroinvasive and neurotropic: neurons are often the target cell in the central nervous system (CNS), inducing neurodegeneration and eventually death. Moreover, HCoV can contribute to an overactivation of the immune system that could lead to autoimmunity in the CNS of susceptible individuals. Given all these properties, it has been suggested that HCoV could be associated with the triggering or the exacerbation of human neurological diseases for which the etiology remains unknown or poorly understood.

Type de document:	Article
Mots-clés libres:	respiratory viruses, neuro-invasion, neurotropism, human coronavirus, neurodegeneration, neuronal cell death
Centre:	Centre INRS-Institut Armand Frappier
Date de dépôt:	22 juin 2017 01:06
Dernière modification:	22 juin 2017 01:06
URI:	https://espace.inrs.ca/id/eprint/3030

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