Caldwell, Jane; Payment, Pierre et Villemur, Richard 
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9768-8937
(2011).
Mitochondrial DNA as Source Tracking Markers of Fecal Contamination
In:
Microbial Source Tracking: Methods, Applications, and Case Studies.
Springer, New York, pp. 229-250.
Résumé
Guidelines for water-quality monitoring have traditionally focused on the use of bacterial indicators. However, efforts to effectively mitigate fecal contamination necessitate greater clarity in source recognition. Host (mammalian and avian) epithelial cells are shed in the gut lumen and expelled in feces. These cells have multiple numbers of mitochondria, an organelle with its own genome, containing species-specific DNA sequences. These properties make mitochondrial DNA sequences (mtDNA) excellent molecular targets as they are host-specific and robust. This chapter describes the development of molecular methods such as PCR, qPCR, PCR with consensus primers, and DNA microarrays to detect and quantify mtDNA in effluents, influents, and environmental surface waters. These assays represent a paradigm shift in source tracking by detecting DNA from the host rather than its fecal bacterial population. Future development to increase the sensitivity of the assays and ease sample processing of large volumes is warranted. Contamination by nonfecal sources such as skin, hair, and sputum of swimmers needs to be evaluated in the context of providing data for source tracking, i.e., presence of human activity impacting the site. The significance of meat carryover in human feces, waste from kitchen garbage disposals and abattoir or industrial manufacturing requires further study to assess their impact on species-specific source tracking.
| Type de document: | Chapitre de livre |
|---|---|
| Mots-clés libres: | Mitochondrial DNA; Real-time PCR; Rapid DNA extraction; Consensus PCR primers; Alternative molecular methods |
| Centre: | Centre INRS-Institut Armand Frappier |
| Date de dépôt: | 04 mars 2024 03:14 |
| Dernière modification: | 04 mars 2024 03:14 |
| URI: | https://espace.inrs.ca/id/eprint/14229 |
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